Publications

Promoting women's equal involvement in government is crucial for the functioning of democracy and theachievement of sustainable development and more equitable societies. Although efforts to address theunderrepresentation of women in leadership roles have achieved some success, progress has been slow andinconsistent since 1995. Gender inequality continues to exist in terms of women's access to leadership positions atthe local, national, and executive levels of power. This persistence of gender disparity goes against various global,regional, and national laws that grant women the right to equal political participation and representation ascitizens. Moreover, women encounter significant disparities within political parties, which act as the gatekeepersto women's political opportunities and competitiveness. Consequently, the relationship between political changeand social change is intricate. Political transformation alone cannot be effective without a corresponding shift insocietal attitudes towards women. Conversely, achieving political change might be unattainable without firstachieving social change. Therefore, ensuring social change is a prerequisite for bringing about political change,including achieving equal representation of women in formal governmental institutions.