Publications

Aging is accompanied by a progressive decline in immune function, known as immunosenescence, which renderselderly individuals more susceptible to infections, reduced vaccine efficacy, and increased incidence of autoimmunediseases and cancer. This decline in immunity is characterized by alterations in both innate and adaptive immuneresponses, including reduced T-cell diversity, impaired function of antigen-presenting cells, and dysregulatedcytokine production. Additionally, inflammaging, a chronic low-grade inflammatory state, further contributes toage-related immune dysfunction. Strategies aimed at enhancing immunity in aging individuals have garneredsignificant attention. Promising interventions include lifestyle modifications encompassing regular exercise,balanced nutrition, and adequate sleep, which can positively impact immune function. Furthermore, vaccinationstrategies tailored for the elderly, such as high-dose vaccines or adjuvanted formulations, aim to bolster vaccineefficacy. Immunomodulatory therapies, including supplementation with specific micronutrients and pharmacologicalinterventions targeting immune senescence, hold promise for rejuvenating immune responses in older individuals.Understanding the mechanisms underlying immunosenescence and inflammaging is critical in developing targetedapproaches to enhance immunity in aging populations. A holistic approach combining lifestyle interventions,vaccination strategies, and innovative immunomodulatory therapies holds potential for mitigating the impact of agerelatedimmune decline and improving overall healthspan in the elderly.Keywords: Immunosenescence, Aging, Immunity, Inflammaging, Elderly, Immunomodulation, VaccinationStrategies, Immune Rejuvenation, Geriatrics