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Evaluation of phytochemical content, acute and sub-chronic toxicity of the aqueous leaf extract ofOcimum suave in Wistar rats was carried out. Experimental rats were administered extracts daily for 31days at dose levels of 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg. Acute toxicity and phytochemical screening ofaqueous leaf extract were done according to method of Lorke’s Trease and Evans. Biochemical analysiswas equally done at the end of the administration of extracts using standard methods. At the end of thestudy, animals were sacrificed and blood samples taken for biochemical assay. The LD50 was found tobe greater than 10,000 mg/kg body weight. Results showed the presence of most phytochemicalstested for. The aqueous extract caused a decrease in ALT activity but AST and CK activities were higherin the treated groups in a dose dependent manner relative to the control. The aqueous leaf extract ofOcimum suave affected mean cell volume, mean cell hemoglobin and mean cell hemoglobin concentration.The aqueous leaf extract caused mean body weight gain, but decrease in relative organ weight. The studysuggests that the aqueous extract administered at normal therapeutic doses is not likely to produce severetoxic effects on some hematological and biochemical indices in rats and the organs tested. Chronictoxicity of aqueous leaf extract of Ocimum suave should be done for histological, haematological andbiochemical evaluation.Key Words: Ocimum suave, Toxicity, Wistar Rats, Biochemical assay, Phytochemical, Extract