Publications

Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) represent a transformative leap in mobility, with implications extending across technological, legal, ethical, economic, and societal domains. This paper examines the historical trajectory, current developments, and future prospects of AVs, focusing on the complex interplay between innovation and real-world constraints. While SAE Level 3 and 4 vehicles are actively being tested, widespread adoption is hindered by unresolved issues such as regulatory ambiguity, liability dilemmas, safety concerns, inconsistent public acceptance, and infrastructure readiness. Using scenario methodology and systems analysis, the study projects a near-future (2025–2030) landscape of AV integration, underscoring the importance of addressing public trust, ethical decision-making in AV algorithms, environmental impacts, and socio-economic disruptions. By examining these interconnected facets, the paper argues that the successful transition to autonomous transportation hinges on collaborative efforts between industry, policymakers, researchers, and the public. It advocates for transparent regulation, inclusive urban planning, equitable access, and continuous reassessment of societal values in AV design and deployment.