Publications

Obesity-induced insulin resistance (IR) is a major contributor to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and is largely driven by chronic low-grade inflammation in adipose tissue. Adipose tissue inflammation not only impairs insulin signaling but also exacerbates metabolic disturbances by promoting systemic inflammation. Nanotechnology offers innovative approaches to modulate adipose tissue inflammation and improve insulin sensitivity. Nanoparticles (NPs), due to their small size, high surface area, and ability to carry bioactive molecules, can target adipose tissue and specifically reduce inflammation at the molecular level. This review discusses various nanoparticle-mediated strategies for modulating adipose tissue inflammation in obesityinduced insulin resistance, including the use of anti-inflammatory drugs, natural compounds, and RNA-based therapies. We explore the mechanisms by which nanoparticles enhance drug delivery, their impact on insulin sensitivity, and their potential therapeutic applications. Additionally, the challenges and future perspectives for the clinical translation of these nanotechnologies are highlighted.