Publications

Pediatric cancer is a growing public health concern in Uganda, yet it remains an underreported and largely neglected area of healthcare. Despite its relatively low incidence compared to adult cancers, the burden of childhood cancer in Uganda has been increasing, particularly among children with leukemia, lymphomas, brain tumors, and solid organ cancers such as Wilms' tumor. Early detection and timely intervention are critical for improving survival rates, yet significant barriers such as delayed diagnoses, inadequate healthcare infrastructure, and financial constraints continue to impede effective care. This review explores the challenges and successes in addressing pediatric cancer in Uganda, with a focus on the healthcare system, diagnostic capacity, treatment barriers, and ongoing efforts to improve care. Notably, collaboration between international organizations, local healthcare providers, and advocacy groups has led to some progress, particularly in raising awareness, improving access to treatment, and enhancing early detection. However, challenges remain in ensuring sustainable resources, expanding specialized training for healthcare professionals, and building capacity at the regional and district levels. This study highlights key lessons learned from successful initiatives and outlines recommendations for enhancing pediatric cancer care in Uganda and other low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). With continued international support, improved healthcare infrastructure, and strengthened community engagement, pediatric cancer care in Uganda can be significantly improved, providing hope for better outcomes for children diagnosed with cancer.