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Despite attempts by African governments to achieve Sustainable Development, there is agrowing perception that Africa may fail in achieving the goals. This perception is fueledpartly by the evidence that while the world is undergoing rapid change, which is drivenprominently by technology and globalization, Africa remains unprotected and at risk ofbeing exploited without due recognition of, and remuneration for, its resources.Additionally, there is the continued escalating trend in poverty and the diminishingstrength of the environment to meet current and future needs of African countries. Giventhe fact that sustainable development appears to be contradicting in between theopposing imperatives of growth and development on one hand, and ecologicalsustainability on the other, the trend in sustainable development on the African continenthas generated some skepticism about whether the goals are achievable in Africa. The lackof a logical literature that documents the challenges and prospects of Sustainabledevelopment in Africa underpins the uncertainty of achieving the goals in Africa. Hence,this paper assessed the challenges of sustainable development in Africa, and the wayforward