Publications

Monkeypox is a re-emerging viral zoonosis that occurs naturally in heavily forested regions of West and CentralAfrica. Monkeypox was first identified as a distinct illness in 1958 among laboratory monkeys in Copenhagen,Denmark. Inter-human transmission of monkeypox virus, although limited, drives outbreaks, particularly inhousehold and health-care settings. But the available evidence suggests that without repeated zoonotic introductions,human infections would eventually cease to occur. Therefore, interrupting virus transmission from animals to humansis key to combating this disease. The first documented cases in humans was in 1970, in six unvaccinated childrenduring the smallpox eradication efforts. It has largely been believed its epidemiology was masked by smallpoxtransmission and the eradication of smallpox in 1977 brought the disease to prominence. Monkeypox is manifested byfever, headache, muscle pains, shivering, blistering rashes, swollen lymph node etc. The period of exposure to onset ofsymptoms ranges from 5-21 days and duration of symptoms is typically 2-4 weeks and symptoms ranges from mild tosevere and can occur without any symptoms. One of the setbacks observed in Africa is limitation in data collectionwith reference to monkey and underfunding of Monkeypox Research. There is gap in knowledge and the preventivemeasures utilized aren’t emphasized and the citizens are not well oriented about the disease. This seminar gives aninsight into the History and various studies conducted by outstanding researchers. It explains terminologies, andreview concisely previous study relevant to monkeypox in Africa and Nigeria. It also delineates the variousDiagnostic methods, Virology, Epidemiology, Clinical features, Pathogenesis and Pathology, Treatment, andPreventive measures utilized so far