Research outputs, reports, policy briefs and knowledge products from KIU scholars and partners.
Knowledge Outputs
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2025 | IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH | Pp. 82-88
Brown and beige adipose tissues (BAT and BeAT) are thermogenic fat depots that dissipate energy as heat via uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) and complementary UCP1-independent mechanisms. Their activation increases whole-body substrate oxidation, improves insulin...
2025 | IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH | Pp. 76-81
Anemia in pregnancy is one of the most prevalent, multifactorial, and preventable contributors to maternal mortality in Africa. This comparative review synthesizes epidemiologic evidence, biological mechanisms, health-system determinants, and intervention str...
2025 | IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH | Pp. 68-75
The relationship between the microbiome and circadian rhythms has emerged as a critical area of biomedical research, highlighting the bidirectional communication between host biological clocks and microbial communities. Circadian rhythms regulate host metabol...
2025 | IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH | Pp. 63-67
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects 5–20% of pregnancies globally, depending on diagnostic criteria, and is associated with heightened risks of preeclampsia, macrosomia, neonatal hypoglycemia, and progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus in mothers. Tr...
2025 | IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH | Pp. 54-62
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a subpopulation of tumor cells with self-renewal and tumor-initiating properties, playing a central role in tumor recurrence, metastasis, and resistance to conventional therapies. Despite advances in cancer treatment, target...
2025 | IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH | Pp. 43-53
Obesity-linked diabetes, driven by chronic inflammation, ectopic lipid deposition, and multi-organ insulin resistance, remains difficult to treat with conventional pharmacotherapy due to poor drug solubility, rapid degradation, off-target effects, and subopti...
2025 | IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH | Pp. 37-42
Obesity is a complex, multifactorial disease driven by genetic, metabolic, and behavioral factors. Conventional treatments, including pharmacotherapy and surgery, have limited long-term efficacy and often pose risks. Nanotechnology offers novel strategies for...
2025 | IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH | Pp. 33-36
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major driver of cardiovascular and renal morbidity worldwide. Despite advances in glucose-lowering therapies, patients remained at elevated risk for chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular events, underscoring the...
2025 | IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH | Pp. 26-32
Diabetes mellitus, encompassing type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D), has traditionally been viewed through lenses of genetics, autoimmunity, insulin resistance, and environmental risk factors such as diet and obesity. Recent advances in microbiome research have ide...
2025 | IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH | Pp. 19-25
Precision public health (PPH) represents an emerging paradigm that integrates data science, epidemiology, genomics, and social determinants of health to deliver more targeted, equitable, and effective population-level interventions. Unlike traditional public...