Research outputs, reports, policy briefs and knowledge products from KIU scholars and partners.
Knowledge Outputs
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2026 | IAA Journal of Scientific Research | Pp. 135-140
Obesity-induced type 2 diabetes (T2D) emerges from sustained nutrient surplus, low-grade inflammation, and interorgan crosstalk that locks adipose tissue, liver, skeletal muscle, and pancreatic islets into insulin-resistant states. Exosomes - 30–150 nm extrac...
2026 | IAA Journal of Scientific Research | Pp. 129-134
Obesity-driven type 2 diabetes is increasingly understood as a disease of dysregulated inter-organ communication rather than isolated defects in single tissues. Exosomes and related extracellular vesicles (EVs) are key mediators of this crosstalk, transportin...
2026 | IAA Journal of Scientific Research | Pp. 124-128
HIV/AIDS remains a significant public health challenge in Sub-Saharan Africa, with Uganda and Nigeria facing high HIV burdens despite efforts to improve care. This review evaluates and compares hospital readiness for HIV/AIDS care in both countries, focusing...
2026 | IAA Journal of Scientific Research | Pp. 119-123
Polygenic risk scores (PRS) are increasingly promoted as tools for improving disease risk stratification and preventive care in primary healthcare settings. By aggregating the effects of thousands of common genetic variants, PRS offer probabilistic insights i...
2026 | IAA Journal of Scientific Research | Pp. 111-118
Obesity-driven type 2 diabetes (T2D) reflects chronic environmental stress overnutrition, inactivity, and circadian disruption imprinted onto chromatin in metabolic tissues. Epigenetic changes integrate nutrient, hormonal, and inflammatory cues into durable p...
2026 | IAA Journal of Scientific Research | Pp. 102-110
Obesity-induced insulin resistance emerges from intertwined host–microbe interactions that reshape intestinal permeability, immune tone, and metabolic signaling. Dysbiosis, characterized by reduced microbial diversity, altered short-chain fatty acid productio...
2026 | IAA Journal of Scientific Research | Pp. 92-101
Diabetic obesity, the coexistence of obesity with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), represents a syndemic condition characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, low-grade inflammation, and profound pharmacokinetic variability. Conventional antid...
2026 | IAA Journal of Scientific Research | Pp. 83-91
Severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria constituted a life-threatening parasitic infection characterized by widespread endothelial activation, microvascular sequestration, and systemic inflammation. Type 1 diabetes mellitus is associated with baseline endothelia...
2026 | IAA Journal of Scientific Research | Pp. 78-82
Oxidative stress is a central, converging mechanism underlying neurotoxicity in a broad range of systemic disorders, including diabetes mellitus, malaria, and hepatic dysfunction. In these conditions, excessive reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS),...
2026 | IAA Journal of Scientific Research | Pp. 71-77
Malaria during pregnancy constituted a major public health challenge in endemic regions, causing maternal anemia, placental infection, low birth weight, and increased perinatal mortality. Pregnant women exhibit increased susceptibility due to immunological ch...