The COVID-19 pandemic has not only posed significant challenges to physical health but has also brought about
substantial mental health burdens worldwide. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of depression and stressrelated
anxiety among adults aged 18-40 during the COVID-19 lockdown in Ishaka Municipality, Bushenyi District,
Western Uganda. A cross-sectional study design was employed, with data collected from 170 participants through
researcher-participant interviews. The prevalence of depression and stress-related anxiety was found to be 57%,
indicating a high burden compared to pre-pandemic rates. Factors associated with higher rates of depression and
anxiety included female gender, older age, marital status (separated, divorced, or widowed), lower education level,
unemployment, family history of depression, and underlying medical conditions such as cancer. These findings
underscore the importance of addressing mental health needs during public health emergencies like the COVID-19
pandemic. Routine screening and management of mental illnesses, along with targeted interventions to support
vulnerable populations, are crucial for mitigating the psychological impact of such crises. Longitudinal studies are
recommended to explore causal relationships between depression, anxiety, and underlying health conditions further.
Keywords: Covid-19, Depression, Mental health, Prevalence, Stress-related anxiety, cross-sectional study